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Austria: A Country of Immigration?
Austria's foreign-born population reached 12.5 percent in 2001, surpassing U.S. levels, yet official policy still rejects the notion of the country as an immigration country.
Gender, Religion, and Secularism Meet in Germany's Headscarf Battle
A January 2003 German court let a dismissed Muslim teacher return wearing a headscarf, as a constitutional dispute over the issue advances to Germany's Federal Constitutional Court.
España: Hacia una nueva política migratoria
España pasó de emisora a receptora; en 2001 los residentes extranjeros sumaron 1,1 millones, impulsando reformas que culminaron en la Ley 4/2000 y el Plan Greco, lanzado en 2001.
Germany's High Court Strikes Down Planned Immigration Law
Germany's Constitutional Court struck down the country's first immigration law on procedural grounds in late 2002.
Sangatte Shutdown Signals New Anglo-French Cooperation
France closed the Sangatte refugee center in December 2002 as part of a bilateral deal; the United Kingdom accepted most of its 1,600 residents and enacted a stricter asylum law.
Spain: Forging an Immigration Policy
Spain has evolved from a sending to receiving country; by 2001, foreign residents numbered 1.1 million and accounted for 2.5 percent of the population.
EU Sees Dip in Number of Asylum Applications
EU asylum applications declined to 388,400 in 2001.
French Integration Policy: Old Goals in New Bottles?
Announced in late 2002, France's three-part integration plan updated immigrant contracts, boosted anti-discrimination measures, and moved toward selective labor immigration.
Government Directive on Asylum Sparks Row in Austria
Austria's October 2002 directive cut federal benefits for designated asylum seekers, sparking political backlash and a court challenge as applications neared record highs.
Portugal Seeks Balance of Emigration, Immigration
By 2002, Portugal hosted 350,000 registered foreigners, many from Eastern Europe.
