From Dependence to Self-Reliance: Changing the Paradigm in Protracted Refugee Situations
Protracted refugee dependency is neither inevitable nor acceptable. Self-reliance demands work rights, better livelihoods programs, and development actor engagement.
More than 51 million persons are displaced because of violence and conflict in the world today, and the majority of these—both refugees and internally displaced persons (IDPs)—are in protracted situations, with little chance that their displacement will end anytime soon. While emergencies may attract a significant amount of funding in assistance to the displaced, long-standing situations are perceived to have neither the urgency nor likelihood of resolution that draw heightened donor interest. At the same time, as United Nations guidance goes, humanitarian relief following a cataclysmic event should give way, in fairly short order, to development and reconstruction, yet this is often not the case in large-term displacement situations.
This policy brief by UN Deputy High Commissioner for Refugees T. Alexander Aleinikoff argues for long-term development solutions and a new narrative in addressing protracted displacement, one that emphasizes refugees' potential to contribute to host and origin communities through their own human capital, transnational connections, and dedicated international assistance.
While the development potential of granting refugees the right to work in their host country has been demonstrated, many host governments are still reluctant to do so, and taking such solutions to scale will require the buy-in of both donor and host governments as well as development agencies.
Table of Contents
I. Introduction
Beyond “Care and Maintenance”
II. Programmatic Interventions
A. Refugees’ Rights to Work, to Self-Employment, and to Pursue Professions
B. A Better Approach to Livelihoods
III. Instrumentalities
A. Development Actors
B. The Diaspora
C. Private Investors
IV. Conclusions
About the Transatlantic Council on Migration
Through rigorous research, high-level convenings, and tailored policy advice, the Council provides policymakers with essential analysis and cutting-edge policy recommendations to help tackle the most vexing policy questions.
About the Global Program
The Global Program bridges policy advice, research, and candid dialogue to design effective migration policies, drawing on global evidence and anticipating the forces reshaping how people move.
