Employment Verification
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Business as Usual? Regularizing Foreign Labor in Costa Rica
Costa Rica’s 2010 migration reforms seek to regularize Nicaraguan workers, but high costs and weak institutions keep many in precarious jobs.
Curbing the Influence of "Bad Actors" in International Migration (Transatlantic Council Statement)
Irregular migration persists despite massive enforcement investments because market demand drives illegality and bad actors consistently outpace government controls.
A Strategic Framework for Creating Legality and Order in Immigration
Immigration enforcement lags other regulatory fields by failing to apply evidence-based, proportionate, and strategically prioritized responses to immigration harms.
IRCA in Retrospect: Guideposts for Today’s Immigration Reform
The statutory design flaws of the Immigration Reform and Control Act of 1986, not just implementation failures, enabled the unauthorized population growth it sought to eliminate.
Side-by-Side Comparison of 2013 Senate Immigration Bill with Individual 2013 House Bills
The 2013 Senate immigration bill and five targeted House bills diverged sharply on legalization, enforcement, and legal immigration structure.
Side-by-Side Comparison of 2013 Senate Immigration Bill with 2006 and 2007 Senate Legislation
The 2013 bipartisan Senate immigration overhaul advanced a more conditional, graduated legalization path and expanded merit-based visas compared to 2006 and 2007 predecessors.
Side-by-Side Comparison of the 2013 Senate Immigration Framework with 2006 and 2007 Senate Legislation
The 2013 Senate immigration framework shared broad goals with its 2006 and 2007 predecessors but departed sharply on enforcement triggers and legalization design.
Key Immigration Laws and Policy Developments Since 1986
Since enactment of the Immigration Reform and Control Act of 1986, U.S. immigration enforcement has expanded steadily while comprehensive reform has repeatedly stalled in Congress.
Immigration Enforcement in the United States: The Rise of a Formidable Machinery
Release of a major report that describes and analyzes the immigration enforcement system in the United States as it has developed and grown in the quarter century since the Immigration Reform and Control Act of 1986 launched the current era of enforcement.
Immigration Enforcement in the United States: The Rise of a Formidable Machinery
The United States has built a formidable immigration enforcement system, spending nearly $187 billion since 1986—more than on all other principal federal criminal law enforcement combined.