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Home > Unauthorized Immigrant Population Profiles

Unauthorized Immigrant Population Profiles

Learn about the estimated 13.7 million unauthorized immigrants living in the United States. Where do they live? When did they arrive in the United States, and from which origin countries? What are their levels of education, top industries of employment, incomes, parental and marital status, health care coverage, and more? Using a unique MPI methodology to assign legal status in U.S. Census Bureau data, this data tool provides detailed sociodemographic profiles for the United States, 43 states (plus the District of Columbia), and the 135 counties with the largest unauthorized populations as of 2023. And for topline estimates of unauthorized immigrant populations for all states and 287 counties, click on the spreadsheet at right.

Hover over a state for data, and for dark teal states, click on state for detailed profile

clickable US map

Alabama

Unauthorized Population: 77,000

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Alaska

Unauthorized Population: 14,000

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Arizona

Unauthorized Population: 307,000

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Arkansas

Unauthorized Population: 72,000

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California

Unauthorized Population: 2,910,000

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Colorado

Unauthorized Population: 230,000

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Connecticut

Unauthorized Population: 198,000

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Delaware

Unauthorized Population: 33,000

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District of Columbia

Unauthorized Population: 31,000

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Florida

Unauthorized Population: 1,223,000

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Georgia

Unauthorized Population: 479,000

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Hawaii

Unauthorized Population: 42,000

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Idaho

Unauthorized Population: 40,000

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Illinois

Unauthorized Population: 588,000

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Indiana

Unauthorized Population: 137,000

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Iowa

Unauthorized Population: 51,000

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Kansas

Unauthorized Population: 87,000

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Kentucky

Unauthorized Population: 61,000

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Louisiana

Unauthorized Population: 101,000

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Maryland

Unauthorized Population: 373,000

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Massachusetts

Unauthorized Population: 388,000

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Michigan

Unauthorized Population: 80,000

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Minnesota

Unauthorized Population: 100,000

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Mississippi

Unauthorized Population: 27,000

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Missouri

Unauthorized Population: 65,000

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Nebraska

Unauthorized Population: 59,000

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Nevada

Unauthorized Population: 199,000

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New Hampshire

Unauthorized Population: 19,000

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New Jersey

Unauthorized Population: 476,000

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New Mexico

Unauthorized Population: 63,000

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New York

Unauthorized Population: 836,000

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North Carolina

Unauthorized Population: 450,000

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Ohio

Unauthorized Population: 90,000

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Oklahoma

Unauthorized Population: 110,000

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Oregon

Unauthorized Population: 155,000

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Pennsylvania

Unauthorized Population: 250,000

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Rhode Island

Unauthorized Population: 59,000

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South Carolina

Unauthorized Population: 139,000

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Tennessee

Unauthorized Population: 186,000

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Texas

Unauthorized Population: 1,966,000

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Utah

Unauthorized Population: 138,000

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Virginia

Unauthorized Population: 361,000

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Washington

Unauthorized Population: 344,000

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Wisconsin

Unauthorized Population: 69,000

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United States

Unauthorized Population: 13,738,000

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Maine

Unauthorized Population: 10,000

Montana

Unauthorized Population: 6,000

North Dakota

Unauthorized Population: 7,000

South Dakota

Unauthorized Population: 11,000

Vermont

Unauthorized Population: 5,000

West Virginia

Unauthorized Population: 7,000

Wyoming

Unauthorized Population: 8,000

County Profiles

To access detailed data profiles for the 135 counties with the largest unauthorized populations, click below on the state of interest below to display individual profiles. For topline estimates of the total unauthorized population for 287 counties, click on the teal button below or the spreadsheet link at right.

Download Topline Estimates

Arizona

Maricopa County, AZ
Pima County, AZ

California

Alameda County, CA
Contra Costa County, CA
Fresno County, CA
Kern County, CA
Los Angeles County, CA
Merced County, CA
Monterey-San Benito Counties, CA
Orange County, CA
Riverside County, CA
Sacramento County, CA
San Bernardino County, CA
San Diego County, CA
San Francisco County, CA
San Joaquin County, CA
San Mateo County, CA
Santa Barbara County, CA
Santa Clara County, CA
Santa Cruz County, CA
Solano County, CA
Sonoma County, CA
Stanislaus County, CA
Tulare County, CA
Ventura County, CA

Colorado

Denver County, CO
Suburban Denver Counties,+ CO

Connecticut

Fairfield County, CT
Hartford County, CT
New Haven County, CT

Delaware

New Castle County, DE

Florida

Broward County, FL
Collier County, FL
Duval County, FL
Hillsborough County, FL
Lee County, FL
Miami-Dade-Monroe Counties, FL
Orange County, FL
Osceola County, FL
Palm Beach County, FL
Pinellas County, FL
Polk County, FL

Georgia

Cobb County, GA
DeKalb County, GA
Fulton County, GA
Gwinnett County, GA
Hall County, GA

Hawaii

Honolulu County, HI

Idaho

Ada-Canyon-Gem-Owyhee-Payette-Washington Counties, ID

Illinois

Cook County, IL
DuPage County, IL
Kane County, IL
Lake County, IL
Will County, IL

Indiana

Marion County, IN

Kansas

Sedgwick-Butler-Harvey Counties, KS

Kentucky

Jefferson County, KY

Louisiana

Orleans-Jefferson-Plaquemines-St. Bernard Parishes, LA

Maryland

Anne Arundel County, MD
Baltimore City, MD
Baltimore County, MD
Montgomery County, MD
Prince George's County, MD

Massachusetts

Boston-Cambridge-Newton MSA,++ Massachusetts-New Hampshire
Providence-Warwick MSA,++ Rhode Island-Massachusetts
Worcester MSA,++ Massachusetts-Connecticut

Michigan

Wayne County, MI

Minnesota

Hennepin County, MN

Nebraska

Douglas County, NE

Nevada

Clark County, NV
Washoe County, NV

New Jersey

Bergen County, NJ
Essex County, NJ
Hudson County, NJ
Mercer County, NJ
Middlesex County, NJ
Monmouth County, NJ
Morris County, NJ
Passaic County, NJ
Union County, NJ

New Mexico

Bernalillo-Valencia-Santa Fe Counties, NM

New York

Bronx County, NY
Kings County, NY
Nassau County, NY
New York County, NY
Queens County, NY
Richmond County, NY
Rockland County, NY
Suffolk County, NY
Westchester County, NY

North Carolina

Durham County, NC
Guilford County, NC
Mecklenburg County, NC
Wake County, NC

Ohio

Franklin County, OH

Oklahoma

Oklahoma County, OK
Tulsa County, OK

Oregon

Marion County, OR
Multnomah County, OR
Washington County, OR

Pennsylvania

Allegheny County, PA
Lehigh-Carbon-Northampton Counties, PA
Montgomery County, PA
Philadelphia County, PA

Rhode Island

Providence County, RI

South Carolina

Charleston-Berkeley-Dorchester Counties, SC
Greenville-Laurens-Newberry-Union Counties, SC

Tennessee

Davidson County, TN
Shelby County, TN

Texas

Bexar County, TX
Cameron County, TX
Collin County, TX
Dallas County, TX
Denton County, TX
El Paso County, TX
Fort Bend County, TX
Harris County, TX
Hidalgo County, TX
Montgomery County, TX
Tarrant County, TX
Travis County, TX
Webb County, TX
Williamson County, TX

Utah

Salt Lake County, UT
Utah County, UT

Virginia

Fairfax County-Fairfax City-Falls Church City, VA
Loudoun County, VA
Prince William County-Manassas City-Manassas Park City, VA

Washington

Benton-Franklin-Walla Walla Counties, WA
Clark County, WA
King County, WA
Pierce County, WA
Snohomish County, WA
Yakima County, WA

Wisconsin

Milwaukee County, WI

 

Acknowledgments & Methodology

The 2023 data in this data tool result from a Migration Policy Institute (MPI) methodology that imputes unauthorized status using U.S. Census Bureau data from the pooled 2019-23 American Community Survey (ACS) and the 2023, 2022, and 2008 Survey of Income and Program Participation (SIPP), weighted to 2023 unauthorized immigrant population estimates provided by Jennifer Van Hook of The Pennsylvania State University.

For detail on the methods, see MPI, “MPI Methodology for Assigning Legal Status to Noncitizen Respondents in U.S. Census Bureau Survey Data.” These estimates have the same sampling and coverage errors as any other survey-based estimates that rely on ACS and other Census Bureau data.


Source URL:https://www.migrationpolicy.org/programs/us-immigration-policy-program-data-hub/unauthorized-immigrant-population-profiles