Externalization
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Showing 11–20 of 27 results
Tense Neighbors, Algeria and Morocco Have Divergent Migration Histories
Algeria and Morocco share a border and mutual desire to curb irregular migration, but their sharply divergent diaspora policies, EU ties, and bilateral rivalry keep cooperation out of reach.
Roxham Road Meets a Dead End? U.S.-Canada Safe Third Country Agreement Is Revised
The revised U.S.-Canada Safe Third Country Agreement closed the Roxham Road loophole but raises serious safety concerns and signals a broader U.S. shift toward externalizing asylum responsibility.
‘Recalcitrant’ and ‘Uncooperative’: Why Some Countries Refuse to Accept Return of Their Deportees
Various factors lead countries to resist accepting the return of their deported nationals, leading to lower than expected return rates from the United States and European Union.
Rise in Maritime Migration to the United States Is a Reminder of Chapters Past
Caribbean maritime migration to the United States has surged to 1990s-level highs, driven by crises in Haiti and Cuba and constrained legal pathways.
Controversial U.S. Title 42 Expulsions Policy Is Coming to an End, Bringing New Border Challenges
The end of the use of Title 42 after 1.7 million expulsions at the U.S.-Mexico border promises to reshape processing, but the transition poses major challenges for the Biden administration.
Court-Ordered Relaunch of Remain in Mexico Policy Tweaks Predecessor Program, but Faces Similar Challenges
The court-ordered revival of Remain in Mexico for certain asylum seekers affects a Trump-era program with a troubled record.
Europe’s Tackling of ‘Root Causes’ of African Migration Has a Mixed Record
The European Union's Emergency Trust Fund for Africa has reduced irregular migration but fallen short on development goals and raised serious human-rights concerns.
The EU-Turkey Deal, Five Years On: A Frayed and Controversial but Enduring Blueprint
Five years after the EU-Turkey deal reshaped European migration policy, the agreement has become a contested template for outsourcing border control.
Criminalization of Search-and-Rescue Operations in the Mediterranean Has Been Accompanied by Rising Migrant Death Rate
As the European Union criminalized search-and-rescue operations in the Mediterranean, migrant death rates more than doubled.
Once a Destination for Migrants, Post-Gaddafi Libya Has Gone from Transit Route to Containment
Europe's outsourcing of migration controls to Libya has reduced sea arrivals dramatically, at the cost of trapping hundreds of thousands of migrants in abusive and often dangerous conditions.
