Economy

Explore all research, analysis, commentary, and data on the role that immigrants play in economies, their economic trajectories, and how their lives are shaped by economic conditions.

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Brexit on the Backburner: Citizens’ rights and the implementation of the withdrawal agreement in a pandemic

The COVID-19 pandemic delayed implementation of Brexit citizens' rights across the EU-26, jeopardising post-Brexit status for an estimated 4.6 million EU and UK nationals.

Driving Migrant Inclusion through Social Innovation: Lessons for cities in a pandemic

Social innovations pioneered by European cities after the 2015–16 migration crisis offer key lessons for advancing migrant inclusion during and after COVID-19.

COVID-19 Pandemic Profoundly Affects Bangladeshi Workers Abroad with Consequences for Origin Communities

The 4.2 million Bangladeshi workers in the Gulf—and the families who depend on them—faced severe hardship as COVID-19 triggered mass job loss, deportations, and falling remittances.

Amid the Pandemic’s Massive Job Dislocation in the U.S., Female Immigrants and Latinos Are Among the Hardest Hit, MPI Study Finds

COVID-19 and Unemployment: Assessing the Early Fallout for Immigrants and Other U.S. Workers

Immigrants—especially Latina workers—suffered steeper early COVID-19 job losses than U.S.-born workers, driven largely by industry concentration.

Sign on the window of an unemployment insurance claims office

The U.S. Stands Alone in Explicitly Basing Coronavirus-Linked Immigration Restrictions on Economic Grounds

The United States became the first country to restrict legal immigration on economic—not health—grounds during COVID-19, with uncertain but far-reaching implications.

President Trump signs an immigration proclamation at the White House

Barriers to COVID-19 Testing and Treatment: Immigrants without Health Coverage in the United States

Some 7.7 million uninsured noncitizens faced barriers to COVID-19 testing and treatment in 2020, with millions excluded from Medicaid due to immigration status restrictions.

Three health professionals wearing masks in a hospital

Vulnerable to COVID-19 and in Frontline Jobs, Immigrants Are Mostly Shut Out of U.S. Relief

Immigrants powered the U.S. frontline pandemic response but faced disproportionate health and economic risks and were largely excluded from federal COVID-19 relief efforts.

Immigration and the U.S.-Mexico Border during the Pandemic: A Conversation with Members of Congress

In this bipartisan discussion, two border-state members of Congress—Rep. Veronica Escobar and Rep. Dan Crenshaw—discuss the response to the coronavirus outbreak, how it is affecting the interconnected border region, and what the future might hold.

Crisis within a Crisis: Immigration in the United States in a Time of COVID-19

COVID-19 forced dramatic U.S. immigration restrictions, including ending asylum at the border, halting benefit processing, and excluding some immigrants from pandemic relief.