Spain

8871000

Immigrant Population

18.5%

Immigrant Share of Total Population

1624000

Emigrant Population

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Showing 21–30 of 60 results

The Challenge of Coordinating Border Management Assistance between Europe and the Maghreb

Europe-Maghreb border cooperation on migration yields limited results; diverging priorities, corruption, and structural gaps require more strategic approaches.

Vehicles drive down a road near the Tunisia-Libya border with the sun in the background

Taking the Long View: Options for inclusive post-pandemic labor markets

Migrants in Europe bore outsized COVID-19 job losses. Entrepreneurship, social economy pathways, and employment services reform can support a more inclusive recovery.

German seamstress works with a trainee Syrian refugee at a fashion workshop

Borderless Europe: Seven Decades of Free Movement

Europe's free-movement regime faces its greatest stress test, with Brexit, COVID-19, and rising nationalism challenging an area of mobility spanning more than 460 million people.

Flags of the European Union fly outside of the European Parliament in Brussels.

COVID-19 and the State of Global Mobility in 2020

In 2020, COVID-19 sharply curtailed global mobility, slashing international flights and leaving nearly 3 million people stranded by mid-year.

Brexit on the Backburner: Citizens’ rights and the implementation of the withdrawal agreement in a pandemic

The COVID-19 pandemic delayed implementation of Brexit citizens' rights across the EU-26, jeopardising post-Brexit status for an estimated 4.6 million EU and UK nationals.

Driving Migrant Inclusion through Social Innovation: Lessons for cities in a pandemic

Social innovations pioneered by European cities after the 2015–16 migration crisis offer key lessons for advancing migrant inclusion during and after COVID-19.

European Cities on the Front Line: New and emerging governance models for migrant inclusion

Drawing on case studies from nine European cities, this report examines new local governance models for migrant inclusion and the challenges cities face in sustaining them.

Crowds of people walk along the canal in Milan

Seasonal Worker Programmes in Europe: Promising practices and ongoing challenges

Europe's seasonal worker programmes fill key labour gaps but face challenges in recruitment transparency, worker protection, and maximising benefits for origin countries.

Seasonal workers harvesting leeks on a UK farm

Legal Migration for Work and Training: Mobility options to Europe for those not in need of protection

Five EU countries offer legal work channels for low- and middle-skilled migrants, but slow procedures, weak protections, and skills mismatches limit effectiveness.

Spain’s Labour Migration Policies in the Aftermath of Economic Crisis

Spain's demand-driven labour migration system worked well before the 2008 global economic crisis. Slow recovery and irregular migration persist, offering lessons for EU-level cooperation.