Immigration Systems
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Key Immigration Laws and Policy Developments Since 1986
Since enactment of the Immigration Reform and Control Act of 1986, U.S. immigration enforcement has expanded steadily while comprehensive reform has repeatedly stalled in Congress.
Major U.S. Immigration Laws, 1790 - Present
U.S. immigration law has swung between openness and restriction since 1790, with each era's legislation shaped by labor needs, national security fears, and racial politics.
The Integration Needs of Mobile EU Citizens: Impediments and opportunities
Mobile EU citizens share many integration needs with third-country nationals yet fall outside EU integration policy, leaving gaps policymakers have yet to close.
Immigration Reform Returns to Center Stage of U.S. Politics
For the first time since 2007, bipartisan U.S. immigration reform proposals put legalization for unauthorized immigrants on the table.
Facing 2020: Developing a new European agenda for immigration and asylum policy
The five-year EU Justice and Home Affairs agendas no longer suffice for long-term immigration policymaking, demanding a broader, cross-domain strategic platform.
How Free Is Free Movement? Dynamics and drivers of mobility within the European Union
Intra-EU mobility is more multidimensional than east-to-west flows suggest, with broadly positive economic effects but some perverse consequences for low-skilled workers.
New DHS Rule Will Help Expedite Permanent Residence for Immediate Relatives of U.S. Citizens
A 2013 regulation lets immediate relatives of U.S. citizens apply for provisional unlawful presence waivers from within the United States.
Immigration Enforcement in the United States: The Rise of a Formidable Machinery
The United States has built a formidable immigration enforcement system, spending nearly $187 billion since 1986—more than on all other principal federal criminal law enforcement combined.
Crime and Violence in Mexico and Central America: An Evolving but Incomplete U.S. Policy Response
The U.S. policy response to crime and violence in Mexico and Central America has grown since 2007 but remains more developed toward Mexico than to northern Central America.