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Administration Seeks Homeland Security Progress Despite Setbacks
In mid-2004, the U.S. Department of Homeland Security (DHS) offered a contested $10 billion US-VISIT contract and recorded a backlog of 3.7 million applications for immigration benefits.
Beyond Remittances: The Role of Diaspora in Poverty Reduction in their Countries of Origin
Diaspora communities reduce poverty in countries of origin through investment, knowledge, and policy tools that go well beyond remittances.
Educational Attainment of the Foreign Born in the United States in 2000
The 2000 U.S. census revealed sharp differences in educational attainment among U.S. immigrants, with Indians tending to be among the most highly educated.
IRCA: Lessons of the Last U.S. Legalization Program
Most U.S. immigrants legalized under the 1986 Immigration Reform and Control Act (IRCA) had better jobs by 1992 than on arrival; education, English proficiency, and legal entry status were among the predictors of success.
Observations on Regularization and the Labor Market Performance of Unauthorized and Regularized Immigrants
Regularization can raise wages and boost formal employment, but success hinges on program design and whether host-country labor markets can absorb newly legal workers.
Democrats Introduce Immigration Reform Bill
The May 2004 Democratic SOLVE Act proposed permanent legal status for unauthorized immigrants, directly challenging U.S. President George W. Bush's temporary worker framework.
Health Insurance Coverage of the Foreign Born in the United States: Numbers and Trends
Foreign-born residents are far more likely to lack health insurance coverage than the U.S. born. But the longer immigrants live in the United States, the more coverage rates improve.
The U.S. Refugee Resettlement Program
Post-911 security checks sharply reduced U.S. refugee admissions, creating a cumulative shortfall of nearly 210,000 against from 1991 to 2003.
Evaluating Enhanced U.S. Border Enforcement
Tripling U.S. border enforcement spending since 1993 did not deter significant unauthorized migration, but did have several unintended consequences.
Immigrant Union Members: Numbers and Trends
Immigrant union membership grew 24 percent between 1996 and 2003—even as union representation declined among the U.S. born—raising immigrants' share of the organized workforce.