U.S. State & Local Enforcement

Explore all research, analysis, data, and commentary on the role that state and local governments are serving in immigration enforcement and their degree of cooperation with ICE.

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Immigrant Detention: Can ICE Meet its Legal Imperatives and Case Management Responsibilities?

Weak data and oversight hinder U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement’s ability to meet detention standards, spurring calls for risk-based custody.

New and Revised ICE Agreements with State and Local Law Enforcement Met with Criticism

By expanding the 287(g) program to 77 jurisdictions, the Obama administration drew sharp criticism from both immigrant advocates and enforcement proponents.

ICE to Expand New Immigration Enforcement Program in Local Jails

Of approximately 12,000 “criminal aliens” flagged by Secure Communities in its first months, only 862 were the highest-priority Level 1 offenders.

Signs of Change in Immigration Enforcement Policies Emerging From DHS

The Obama administration moved in 2009 to refocus the 287(g) program on immigrants with criminal convictions, signaling a shift from Bush-era enforcement priorities.

An officer in the Harris County (TX) Sheriff's Office takes the fingerprints of an individual it arrested. Harris County has a 287(g) agreement with ICE.

Examining 287(g): The Role of State and Local Law Enforcement in Immigration Law

DHS and Immigration: Taking Stock and Correcting Course

The Department of Homeland Security's immigration system remains fragmented six years into its existence, spurring the need for clearer roles and stronger oversight.

Immigration Enforcement in the United States in 2006

In 2006, U.S. immigration enforcement produced 1.2 million apprehensions and 272,389 formal removals.

Arizona Employer Sanctions Law Takes Effect

Arizona's employer sanctions law took effect January 1, 2008, requiring mandatory E-Verify use.

U.S. Cities Face Legal Challenges, and All 50 States Try Their Hand at Making Immigration-related Laws

With federal immigration reform stalled, all 50 U.S. states introduced immigration measures in 2007 for the first time—but courts began striking them down quickly.

Testing the Limits: A Framework for Assessing the Legality of State and Local Immigration Measures

This report provides a framework for assessing the legal validity of state legislative measures that address unauthorized immigration, including when they are pre-empted by federal authority.