EU Policy
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EU Enlargement in 2007: No Warm Welcome for Labor Migrants
Most EU-15 states imposed labor-market restrictions on Bulgaria and Romania upon their 2007 EU accession, reversing the more open approach some had taken in 2004.
Asylum Applications Drop Sharply
Asylum applications fell 40 percent from 2001 to 2004, driven by restrictive policies, interceptions at sea, and fewer people needing protection.
EU Disunion: Immigration in an Enlarged Europe
One year after EU enlargement, only the United Kingdom, Ireland, and Sweden had opened labor markets to accession-state nationals.
Managing Integration: The European Union’s Responsibilities Towards Immigrants
This book draws on approaches, strategies, and best practices from across EU Member States to help policymakers build a sustainable, coherent framework for immigrant integration.
Schengen and the Free Movement of People Across Europe
Signed in 1985, the Schengen Agreement eliminated internal EU borders, enabled common visa policy, and drove security cooperation.
Switzerland Faces Common European Challenges
Switzerland, with 22 percent of its population foreign born in 2000, confronts rising anti-immigrant sentiment while navigating EU labor agreements and tighter asylum rules.
The Hague Program Reflects New European Realities
Adopted in November 2004, the EU's Hague Program set a five-year migration and asylum agenda, but left legal immigration and integration largely to individual Member States.
Reining in Child Trafficking in the New EU
EU expansion in 2004 heightened child trafficking risks, spurring a draft convention with victim protections and cross-border enforcement.
EU Enlargement and the Limits of Freedom
The European Union's May 2004 expansion granted freedom of movement to ten new Member States, but 14 of the 15 prior members imposed labor market and welfare restrictions.
The Enlargement of an 'Area of Freedom, Security and Justice': Managing Migration in a European Union of 25 Members
EU enlargement to 25 members tested free movement principles, with transition restrictions and sovereignty disputes complicating a coherent common EU-wide migration policy.