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Bush Proposes New Temporary Worker Program
U.S. President George W. Bush's January 2004 temporary visa plan drew mixed reactions amid concerns about enforcement gaps, worker rights, and the absence of a direct pathway to citizenship.
Fewer Ethnic Germans Immigrating to Ancestral Homeland
Ethnic German immigration to Germany dropped to 72,000 in 2003, with a continued decline expected as support programs in Aussiedlers' countries abroad strengthen their will to stay.
UNHCR and NGOs: Competitors or Companions in Refugee Protection?
After mid-1990s crises in the Balkans and Central Africa, humanitarian groups expanded into refugee protection, prompting renewed but still-uneasy collaboration with the UN High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR).
Minimizing Development-Induced Displacement
About 10 million people are displaced by development annually but receive little sympathy, despite impoverishment risks rivaling those faced by conflict refugees.
First Phase of US-VISIT Becomes Operational
The U.S. Visitor and Immigration Status Indication Technology System (US-VISIT) planned to launch at 115 airports in January 2004.
Cook Islands: Migrating from a Micro-State
Seventy percent of Cook Islanders lived in New Zealand in 2004, as debt and economic decline drive emigration from the Pacific micro-state of roughly 18,000 residents.
Labor Export as Government Policy: The Case of the Philippines
The Philippines has formally promoted temporary labor export for over 25 years, leading to high remittances but persistent concerns about worker abuse and social costs.
The Foreign Born from China in the United States in 2000
The Chinese foreign-born population in the United States grew 87 percent between 1990 and 2000 to nearly 989,000, of whom more than half living in California or New York.
DHS May Axe Special Registration of Foreign Visitors
The U.S. Department of Homeland Security (DHS) moved to end Special Registration and President George W. Bush signed expedited military naturalization in 2003.
Security Resurfaces on Australian Agenda
A 2003 suspected terrorist case and Kurdish asylum boat arrival prompted Australia to expand its terrorism list and attempt a contested migration zone reduction.