Country Profiles

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China’s Rapid Development Has Transformed Its Migration Trends

China has transformed into an emerging destination for migrants, even as it is also a key origin. But legal frameworks for immigrants lag behind the scale of movement.

Image of man on steps in front of China Import and Export Fair in Guangzhou, China

Immigration Has Been a Defining, Often Contentious, Element Throughout U.S. History

Largely unchanged since 1965, the U.S. immigration system is buckling under record backlogs, enforcement costs, and deepening partisan gridlock.

A Dutch family at Ellis Island between 1915 and 1920.

South Africa Reckons with Its Status as a Top Immigration Destination, Apartheid History, and Economic Challenges

Africa's top immigrant destination, South Africa struggles to balance regional migration demands against high unemployment, xenophobia, and an asylum system that rejects most cases.

Two boys pose in an informal settlement east of Johannesburg largely populated by immigrants.

Once Primarily an Origin for Refugees, Ethiopia Experiences Evolving Migration Patterns

Ethiopia is simultaneously one of Africa's largest refugee hosts and a major origin for irregular labor migrants, a duality shaped by decades of conflict, poverty, and geography.

A woman and her child in southern Ethiopia.

United Kingdom’s Decades-Long Immigration Shift Interrupted by Brexit and the Pandemic

Brexit and other events have reshaped UK immigration flows and policy, as this country profile explains.

Refugees prepare to be resettled in the United Kingdom.

Haiti’s Painful Evolution from Promised Land to Migrant-Sending Nation

Once a refuge for the enslaved, Haiti is now a top migrant-sending country; its transformation was driven by U.S. occupation, political instability, and natural disasters.

A Warm Welcome for Some: Israel Embraces Immigration of Jewish Diaspora, Sharply Restricts Labor Migrants and Asylum Seekers

Israel's two-tier immigration system grants full citizenship to Jewish diaspora members while offering labor migrants no legal pathway to stay and asylum seekers virtually no protection.

A gathering in Tel Aviv for asylum seeker rights