Labor Markets Initiative
The U.S. Immigration Policy Program's Labor Markets Initiative, active from 2009-2013, produced detailed policy recommendations on how the United States should rethink its immigration policy in the light of what is known about the economic impact of immigration—bearing in mind the current context of economic crisis, growing income inequality, concerns about the effect of globalization on U.S. competitiveness, the competition for highly skilled migrants, and demographic and technological change.
The Initiative's work was guided by a group of leading experts in labor economics, welfare policy, and immigration:
Frank D. Bean, Chancellor’s Professor and Director, Center for Research on Immigration, Population and Public Policy, University of California – Irvine; Rebecca M. Blank, Under Secretary of Commerce for Economic Affairs, U.S. Department of Commerce; Jeanne Butterfield, Senior Counsel, The Raben Group and former Executive Director, American Immigration Lawyers Association; Maria Echaveste, Co-Founder and Partner, Nueva Vista Group and former Deputy Chief of Staff for President Clinton; Jennifer Gordon, Associate Professor of Law, Fordham University School of Law; Gordon H. Hanson, Professor of Economics and Director, Center on Pacific Economies, University of California, San Diego, and Co-Editor, Journal of Development Economics; Harry J. Holzer, Professor, Georgetown Public Policy Institute, Senior Fellow, Urban Institute, and former Chief Economist, U.S. Department of Labor; Gerald D. Jaynes, Professor of Economics, Professor of African-American Studies, and Director of Studies in African American Studies, Yale University; Joseph J. Minarik, Senior Vice President and Director of Research, Committee for Economic Development, and former Policy Director and Chief Economist for the House Budget Committee; Pia M. Orrenius, Senior Economist and Policy Advisor, Federal Reserve Bank of Dallas; Esther Olavarria, Deputy Assistant Secretary for Policy, U.S. Department of Homeland Security; Giovanni Peri, Associate Professor of Economics, University of California, Davis; Mark C. Regets, Economist and Senior Analyst, National Science Foundation Division of Science Resources Studies; William M. Rodgers III, Chief Economist, Heldrich Center for Workforce Development; Frank Sharry, Executive Director, America's Voice, and former Executive Director, National Immigration Forum; and Chad Stone, Chief Economist, Center on Budget and Policy Priorities.
Note: Members of the Labor Markets Advisory Group acted in an advisory capacity only. The content of publications issued by the Labor Markets Initiative remains the sole responsibility of the authors.
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The Impact of Immigrants in Recession and Economic Expansion
Immigration delivers long-run productivity but can reduce native employment during economic slowdowns. Linking visa numbers to employer demand can yield better outcomes.
Immigrant Legalization: Assessing Labor Market Effects
Public Policy Institute of California researchers Magnus Lofstrom and Laura Hill discuss their research examining the potential labor market outcomes and other possible economic effects of a legalization program. The discussion was moderated by Doris Meissner, MPI Senior Fellow and Director of the U.S. Immigration Policy Program, with comments from MPI Senior Policy Analyst Randy Capps and Sherrie A. Kossoudji, Associate Professor, School of Social Work, and Adjunct Professor, Department of Economics, University of Michigan.
Illegal Immigration's Effects on the U.S. Economy and Policy
Paper release with Gordon Hanson, University of California, San Diego Economics Professor; Jeanne Butterfield, National Immigration Forum Senior Advisor; Marc Rosenblum, MPI Senior Policy Analyst; and Michael Fix, MPI Senior Vice President and Director of Studies.
The Economics and Policy of Illegal Immigration in the United States
The net economic impact of illegal immigration is close to zero, evidence shows. Converting unauthorized flows to legal ones delivers stronger gains than enforcement alone.
Tied to the Business Cycle: How Immigrants Fare in Good and Bad Economic Times
Between 1994 and 2008, immigrants' U.S. employment outcomes tracked the business cycle more sharply than native workers', driven by concentration in cyclical sectors.
Aligning Temporary Immigration Visas with U.S. Labor Market Needs: The Case for a New System of Provisional Visas
This paper outlines MPI’s design of a flexible provisional visa that would tie temporary labor inflows to real-time demand while offering workers who meet clear criteria pathways to stay.
Harnessing the Advantages of Immigration for a 21st-Century Economy: A Standing Commission on Labor Markets, Economic Competitiveness, and Migration
A permanent expert commission using evidence to flexibly guide U.S. employment-based immigration levels would strengthen the country’s economic competitiveness.
Immigrants and the Current Economic Crisis: Research Evidence, Policy Challenges, and Implications
The Great Recession of 2007–09 slowed immigrant inflows and hit low-skilled immigrants hardest, while policy limits on access to safety nets heightened their vulnerability.