United States

Evaluating Enhanced U.S. Border Enforcement

Tripling U.S. border enforcement spending since 1993 did not deter significant unauthorized migration, but did have several unintended consequences.

Policy Changes Target Border Security

In spring 2004, the United States’ H-2B visa cap was hit for the first time; the Department of Homeland Security (DHS) also launched a drone-based Arizona border initiative and issued rules for the U.S.-Canada Safe Third Country Agreement.

Immigrants and Homeownership in Urban America: An Examination of Nativity, Socio-Economic Status and Place

Immigrant home ownership rates vary widely across the 100 largest U.S. cities—shaped by affordability, length of U.S. residence, citizenship status, and country of origin.

U.S. Industrial Transformation and New Latino Migration

Industry restructuring since the 1980s drew Latino workers to rural areas of the United States outside the Southwest.

Funding for Immigration in the President's 2005 Budget

The Mexico Factor in U.S. Immigration Reform

Mexicans were estimated to make up three-fifths of unauthorized U.S. immigrants in 2004; durable reform requires pairing regularization, stronger enforcement, and expanded legal pathways.

The United States and Mexico: Immigration Policy and the Bilateral Relationship

Mexico-United States Migration: A Long Way To Go

The terrorist attacks of September 11, 2001 derailed U.S.-Mexico migration talks and President George W. Bush's 2004 temporary worker proposal fell short of Mexico's push for a bilateral deal.

How Would Millions of Guest Workers Impact Working Americans and Americans Seeking Employment?

Mexican Immigration to the U.S.: The Latest Estimates

In 2002, the estimated 5.3 million unauthorized immigrants from Mexico made up 57 percent of the U.S. total, many of them in nontraditional southeastern and midwestern states.