• Population......................................................................38,420,687 (July 2018 est.)
• Population growth rate .............................................................-0.16% (2018 est.)
• Birth rate.....................................................9.3 births/1,000 population (2018 est.)
• Death rate................................................10.5 deaths/1,000 population (2018 est.)
• Net migration rate...............................-0.4 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2017 est.)
• Ethnic groups*.............Polish 96.9%, Silesian 1.1%, German 0.2%, Ukrainian 0.1%, other and unspecified 1.7%

* represents ethnicity declared first

CIA World Factbook