U.S. Data

More than 43 million people living in the United States—whether as naturalized citizen, legal permanent resident, temporary resident, or unauthorized immigrant—were born in another country, representing 13 percent of the U.S. population. Immigration has ebbed and flowed throughout U.S. history, peaking at nearly 15 percent of the population in 1890 and plummeting to 5 percent in 1970. The data-rich research offered here traces the U.S. immigrant population by size, educational and workforce characteristics, English language proficiency, and more.

For information on U.S. immigrants by state, check out the State Immigration Data Profiles tool. And for detailed profiles on unauthorized immigrants nationally and by state, visit this tool.

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Fact Sheets October 2017 Differing DREAMs: Estimating the Unauthorized Populations That Could Benefit under Different Legalization Bills By Jeanne Batalova, Ariel G. Ruiz Soto, Sarah Pierce and Randy Capps	Fact Sheets October 2017 Protecting the DREAM: The Potential Impact of Different Legislative Scenarios for Unauthorized Youth By Jeanne Batalova, Ariel G. Ruiz Soto and Michelle Mittelstadt
Fact Sheets October 2017 Dual Language Learners: A National Demographic and Policy Profile By Maki Park, Anna O’Toole and Caitlin Katsiaficas	Articles September 29, 2017 Chinese Immigrants in the United States By Jie Zong and Jeanne Batalova
Articles August 31, 2017 Indian Immigrants in the United States By Jie Zong and Jeanne Batalova	Policy Briefs August 2017 The Education and Work Profiles of the DACA Population By Randy Capps, Michael Fix and Jie Zong
Articles August 2, 2017 Haitian Immigrants in the United States By Jennifer Schulz and Jeanne Batalova	Articles June 28, 2017 Immigrant Health-Care Workers in the United States By Szilvia Altorjai and Jeanne Batalova

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Reports June 2005 Unauthorized Migrants: Numbers and Characteristics By Jeffrey S. Passel	Reports November 2004 Putting Data to Work For Immigrants and Communities: Tools for the Washington, DC Metro Area and Beyond By Suzette Brooks Masters, Kimberly A. Hamilton and Jill H. Wilson
Fact Sheets October 2004 Legal Immigration to U.S. Still Declining By Deborah W. Meyers	Reports September 2004 The Dominican Population in the United States: Growth and Distribution By Elizabeth Grieco
Fact Sheets May 2004 Immigrant Union Members: Numbers and Trends By Elizabeth Grieco	Reports April 2004 Immigrants and Homeownership in Urban America: An Examination of Nativity, Socio-Economic Status and Place By Demetrios G. Papademetriou, Brian Ray and Maia Jachimowicz
Reports March 2004 Hispanic Challenge? What We Know About Latino Immigration By Philippa Strum and Andrew Selee	Fact Sheets January 2004 What Kind of Work Do Immigrants Do? Occupation and Industry of Foreign-Born Workers in the United States By Elizabeth Grieco

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Spotlight

April 5, 2017

Central American Immigrants in the United States

Central American migration to the United States began in large numbers in the 1980s, fueled by political instability, natural disaster, and economic hardship. Approximately 3.4 million Central Americans lived in the United States in 2015, primarily from El Salvador, Guatemala, and Honduras. Where they live in the United States, their English proficiency, legal status, immigration pathways, and more are covered in this article.

Spotlight

March 8, 2017

Frequently Requested Statistics on Immigrants and Immigration in the United States

In 2015, 43.3 million immigrants lived in the United States, comprising 13.5 percent of the population. The foreign-born population grew more slowly than in prior years, up 2 percent from 2014. Get sought-after data on U.S. immigration trends, including top countries of origin, Mexican migration, refugee admissions, illegal immigration, health-care coverage, and much more in this Spotlight article.

Spotlight

February 8, 2017

Korean Immigrants in the United States

Approximately 1 million Korean immigrants (overwhelmingly from South Korea) lived in the United States in 2015, representing 2.4 percent of the U.S. immigrant population. While earlier waves consisted largely of unskilled laborers and their families, contemporary Korean immigration boasts high socioeconomic standing and Koreans are generally considered among the most successful immigrant groups.

Spotlight

January 12, 2017

Syrian Refugees in the United States

More than 18,000 Syrian refugees have been resettled in the United States since civil war broke out in Syria in 2011. Nearly half of Syrian refugees are under age 14, and this population is more dispersed geographically across the country than the overall Syrian immigrant population. This article offers a demographic profile of Syrian refugees, including age, gender, language, and religion, as well as top state and city destinations.

Students and Reading _JMH5036 (1) US Dept of Ed Flickr

Spotlight

November 11, 2016

Language Diversity and English Proficiency in the United States

Although the number of U.S. residents who speak a language other than English has grown in recent decades, the share of those who are Limited English Proficient (LEP) has fallen: 40 percent in 2015, compared to 44 percent in 1980—even as immigration rose rapidly. This article examines growing linguistic diversity in the country and sketches a profile of the LEP population, including size, location, and socioeconomic characteristics.

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Fact Sheets

October 2017

Differing DREAMs: Estimating the Unauthorized Populations That Could Benefit under Different Legalization Bills

2017 saw the introduction of several bills—two of them by Senate Republicans in the weeks following the Trump administration’s announcement that it would terminate the Deferred Action for Childhood Arrivals (DACA) program—that would provide a pathway to conditional and then legal permanent residence to unauthorized immigrants brought to the United States as children, if they meet a range of edu

Fact Sheets

October 2017

Protecting the DREAM: The Potential Impact of Different Legislative Scenarios for Unauthorized Youth

With the Trump administration having announced the end of the DACA program, Congress is facing growing calls to protect unauthorized immigrants who came to the U.S. as children. This fact sheet examines DREAM Act bills introduced in Congress as of mid-2017, offering estimates of who might earn conditional legal status—and ultimately legal permanent residence—based on educational, professional, and other requirements in the legislation.

Fact Sheets

October 2017

Dual Language Learners: A National Demographic and Policy Profile

As the share of U.S. children under age 8 who are Dual Language Learners (DLLs) increases, state policies have an important role to play in ensuring all young learners are able to get their education off to a good start. These fact sheets compare key characteristics of DLLs and their peers nationwide and in 30 states, and identify state policies that support equitable access to high-quality early childhood education and care programs.

Articles

September 29, 2017

Chinese Immigrants in the United States

The Chinese represent the third-largest immigrant population in the United States, their numbers having grown rapidly in recent decades. The population is atypical in some respects: Far more highly educated and likely to have come via student and employment pathways than the overall U.S. foreign-born population. This article offers key data on Chinese immigrants, including top destinations, incomes, and English proficiency.

Articles

August 31, 2017

Indian Immigrants in the United States

Immigrants from India are the second-largest foreign-born group in the United States, after Mexicans. Indian immigrants tend to be far more highly educated and have greater English proficiency than the foreign-born population overall. This Spotlight article offers the latest data on Indian immigrants, focusing on population size, state- and city-level distribution, occupation, educational attainment, and more.

Policy Briefs

August 2017

The Education and Work Profiles of the DACA Population

The future of the Deferred Action for Childhood Arrivals (DACA) program is uncertain, amid skepticism from the Trump administration about its merits and the promise of legal challenge from ten state attorneys general. This issue brief presents a profile of young adults eligible for DACA in terms of their educational attainment and labor force participation, as well as what is at stake should the program be terminated.

Articles

August 2, 2017

Haitian Immigrants in the United States

The number of Haitians in the United States has tripled since 1990, reaching 676,000 in 2015. Most Haitians entered the United States before 2010, the year of a devastating earthquake from which Haiti is still working to recover. This Spotlight article offers the latest data on Haitian immigrants, including the number holding Temporary Protected Status, top states and cities of residence, demographic information, and more.

Articles

June 28, 2017

Immigrant Health-Care Workers in the United States

Approximately 2.1 million immigrants work in health-care occupations in the United States, comprising nearly 17 percent of the 12.4 million doctors, nurses, dentists, and other health-care professionals. Learn more about immigrant health-care workers in the United States with this data-rich article, including top occupations nationally and by state, countries of origin, educational levels, visa pathways, and much more.

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