E.g., 03/23/2023
E.g., 03/23/2023
Europe

Europe

European Union

Europe faces an interesting set of immigration challenges and opportunities: Demographic pressures as many European societies age, a lively and at times tense policy and political debate over questions of identity and immigrant integration, and a unique policy environment that has knit many European countries together with regards to free movement, the management of outer borders, asylum, and other immigration-related topics. MPI has long conducted research and analysis of European policy on topics ranging from labor mobility and border security to immigrant integration, citizenship, and foreign qualifications recognition, which can be found below.

Photo of a teacher from Ukraine organizing activities for refugee children in Moldova
Commentaries

Prolonged Ukrainian Displacement: An Uneasy Marriage of Reception, Integration, and Return Policies

One year into the vast Ukrainian displacement crisis sparked by Russia's invasion, European policymakers are having to confront the likelihood of prolonged stay for millions of Ukrainians and the prospect of new displacement. How can they juggle longer-term integration, first-reception services for new arrivals, and prepare Ukrainians for eventual return to rebuild their country? They will have to focus on multipronged policies and services, this commentary suggests.

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Policy Briefs

Promoting Evidence-Informed Immigrant Integration Policymaking

While many policy areas have seen a revolution in how information is gathered, shared, and used to inform new policies and improve existing ones, immigrant integration has not kept pace. This policy brief explores why integration policy in Europe has not yet seen the development of a robust evidence culture and offers recommendations for creating an environment in which evidence-informed policymaking can flourish.

Image of women and young children from Ukraine arriving at train station in Bucharest
Commentaries

Why the European Labor Market Integration of Displaced Ukrainians Is Defying Expectations

People displaced from Ukraine are finding work more rapidly in European countries than prior refugee cohorts. But uncertainty over how long they will stay, combined with hurdles such as language barriers, has meant many are prioritizing any job over the right job. This commentary examines how policymakers could address this waste of skills as they seek to fill pressing labor needs and facilitate deeper integration of the new arrivals.

Recent Activity

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Reports
October 2016
Moving Beyond Crisis: Germany’s New Approaches to Integrating Refugees into the Labor Market
By  Victoria Rietig
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Books
October 2016
All at Sea: The Policy Challenges of Rescue, Interception, and Long-Term Response to Maritime Migration
By  Kathleen Newland, Elizabeth Collett, Kate Hooper and Sarah Flamm
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Multimedia
September 16, 2016
The Mediterranean Dimension of the Refugee Crisis: Trends, Challenges, and Opportunities for Cooperation
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Reports
September 2016
Protection on the Move: Eritrean Refugee Flows through the Greater Horn of Africa
By  Christopher Horwood and Kate Hooper
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Reports
September 2016
The Evolving Approach to Refugee Protection in Turkey: Assessing the Practical and Political Needs
By  Metin Çorabatır
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Articles
August 31, 2016
The New Reality: Germany Adapts to Its Role as a Major Migrant Magnet
By Victoria Rietig and Andreas Müller
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Multimedia
July 14, 2016
Beyond Brexit: The Policy and Political Lessons for Immigration-Anxious Countries
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Reports
July 2016
Understanding and Addressing Public Anxiety About Immigration (Transatlantic Council Statement)
By  Demetrios G. Papademetriou and Natalia Banulescu-Bogdan

Pages

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Fact Sheets
December 2007
Europe's Disappearing Internal Borders
By  Hiroyuki Tanaka
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Reports
October 2007
Room for Progress: Reinventing Euro-Atlantic Borders for a New Strategic Environment
By  Deborah W. Meyers, Rey Koslowski and Susan Ginsburg
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Reports
October 2007
Integrating Islam: A New Chapter in 'Church-State' Relations
By  Jonathan Laurence
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Reports
September 2007
Gaining from Migration: Towards a New Mobility System
By  Demetrios G. Papademetriou and Gregory A. Maniatis
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Policy Briefs
September 2007
Pathways to Success for the Children of Immigrants
By  Maurice Crul
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Reports
September 2007
Early Education for Immigrant Children
By  Paul Leseman
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Policy Briefs
September 2007
Language Policies and Practices for Helping Immigrants and Second-Generation Students Succeed
By  Gayle Christensen and Petra Stanat
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Reports
July 2007
European Immigration and the Labor Market
By  Walter Nonneman

Pages

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Profile
June 1, 2007
Macedonia: At a Quiet Crossroads

Macedonia avoided the interethnic conflict that ripped through the former Yugoslavia in the early 1990s. It was the only state to emerge with its independence (in 1991) and no loss of blood.

Feature
May 10, 2007
The Immigration Legacy of Tony Blair

UK Prime Minister Tony Blair, who announced his resignation this week, leaves behind an immigration system that has been fundamentally reshaped. As MPI's Will Somerville explains, migration is now "managed" to favor migrants coming for work and study.

Feature
April 19, 2007
With Strict Policies in Place, Dutch Discourse on Integration Becomes More Inclusive

Since 2003, the Netherlands has instituted a variety of integration-related reforms to make sure new immigrants speak Dutch and understand Dutch society. But the political climate changed in 2006, and the new government is taking a broader approach as Chavi Keeney Nana explains.

Feature
April 5, 2007
Germany to Regularize "Tolerated" Asylum Seekers

Approximately 50,000 of Germany's 170,000 tolerated asylum seekers are expected to will qualify for a residency permit under a law passed in March 2007. MPI's Eric Leise reports.

Feature
April 1, 2007
Pathways to Success for the Second Generation in Europe

There is an ongoing debate over the children born to Europe's guest workers of the 1960s and 1970s: Can they move up the educational ladder, or will they form a new underclass in Europe's largest cities? Maurice Crul of the University of Amsterdam compares outcomes for second-generation Turkish children across five countries.

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Recent Activity

Reports
October 2016

Moving Beyond Crisis: Germany’s New Approaches to Integrating Refugees into the Labor Market

A key question confronting German policymakers has been how to successfully integrate asylum seekers into the labor market after record numbers arrived in 2015. This report examines the challenges newcomers face in getting jobs at their skill level as well as accessing language and training courses. The report outlines the many integration initiatives created in Germany, and offers recommendations for greater effectiveness.

Books
October, 2016

All at Sea: The Policy Challenges of Rescue, Interception, and Long-Term Response to Maritime Migration

With maritime migration the subject of significant policy and public focus in Europe, Australia, and beyond, this timely volume reviews the policy responses to irregular maritime arrivals at regional, national, and international levels. The book includes case studies of the major global hotspots—the Mediterranean, Gulf of Aden, Bay of Bengal/Andaman Sea, Australia, and the Caribbean—and examines trends and policy responses.

Audio
September 16, 2016

The Mediterranean Dimension of the Refugee Crisis: Trends, Challenges, and Opportunities for Cooperation

This discussion focuses on how governments and actors in the Mediterranean region can work together to expand durable solutions for refugees and coordinate efforts to build welcoming communities for newcomers.

Reports
September 2016

Protection on the Move: Eritrean Refugee Flows through the Greater Horn of Africa

Even in a region characterized by mobility, Eritrean refugees stand out for the frequency and distance of their onward movement. With more than 411,000 Eritreans in refugee-like situations, this report outlines how they access protection, the routes they take, and how their high rates of mobility challenge traditional concepts of refugees as static populations and raise questions about how to provide effective protection.

Reports
September 2016

The Evolving Approach to Refugee Protection in Turkey: Assessing the Practical and Political Needs

Turkey hosts more refugees than any other country, having taken in more than 2.7 million Syrians since 2011. Despite Turkey’s generous humanitarian approach, long-term integration prospects for these refugees remain limited. This report assesses the current policy approach to managing the refugee influx and asks what is needed to ensure the long-term stability and success of both refugees and their host communities.

Articles
August 31, 2016

The New Reality: Germany Adapts to Its Role as a Major Migrant Magnet

Although long one of the world's top migrant destinations, only in the recent past has Germany come to acknowledge and adjust to its role as a country of immigration. Its welcoming approach—a relatively new development—has been put to the test amid massive humanitarian inflows beginning in 2015. This country profile examines Germany's history on immigration and highlights current and emerging debates.

Audio, Webinars
July 14, 2016

Beyond Brexit: The Policy and Political Lessons for Immigration-Anxious Countries

The UK vote to exit the European Union has given new momentum to euroskeptic, anti-immigration movements elsewhere. Experts discuss the political and policy lessons that can be learned from Brexit and applied to debates in Europe and North America, including how to address public anxiety over immigration and identity while managing migration in a globalized economy.

Reports
July 2016

Understanding and Addressing Public Anxiety About Immigration (Transatlantic Council Statement)

What factors are fueling rising public anxiety over immigration seen in Europe and North America? This Transatlantic Council report outlines and analyzes the factors that can set the stage for such public unease—some of which have their roots outside of immigration policy per se, and are instead deeply embedded in the global, national, and local contexts within which migration occurs—and offers policymakers strategies to respond.

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